Saturday, November 30, 2019

Yuri Gagarin †a Modern Columbus free essay sample

April 12, 1961 will neer be forgotten. On that twenty-four hours Yuri Alexeyevich Gagarin was launched into infinite. He circled the Earth in the starship Vostok for 108 proceedingss. Gagarin was taking an tremendous hazard, because at that clip cipher knew how a human being would stand up to infinite flight. Before Yuri Gagarin was launched into outer infinite he met the people who had prepared the projectile. He thanked them for their work and said he would make everything he could to do his flight successful. Yuri was in great liquors. The cosmonauts spent the eventide at a bungalow which is now called the Yuri Gagarin Memorial Cottage. Then he had one more normal working twenty-four hours which was worked out to the minute: forenoon exercisings, breakfast, medical scrutiny, seting on the spacesuit, look intoing the suit, go forthing for the launching site and so on. Yuri Gagarin s flight opened the door into the Universe Those 108 proceedingss were a turning-point in history. We will write a custom essay sample on Yuri Gagarin — a Modern Columbus or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The dreams of coevalss, the thoughts of science-fiction authors and minds were brightly realised by our coevalss. Yuri Gagarin s name has become a fable, a symbol of gallantry in the name of scientific discipline and advancement. Yuri Gagarin visited 30 states. Everywhere he was given a antic welcome as the dearest individual. He was the same modest adult male with workers or generals, with employees or with male monarchs and premier curates. His life was simple like 1000s of others: schoolboy, vocational school pupil, combatant pilot, hubby, male parent of two kids. He was a portion of our whole life. But the words Gagarin character have become a symbol of will-power, bravery, pureness. Gagarin s infinite life began at a talk about the work of Tsiolkovsky. Then, he fell badly with a disease that has no name in medical specialty: an resistless desire to travel up into the sky, a desire to wing. The Saratov Air Club, the Orenburg Air Pilots School, service in Air Force units in the North, and the Cosmonaut Graining Centre in 1960. The morning of the infinite age was interrupting over the planet. The first group was made up of strong immature work forces, professional aviators, clever, purposeful, prepared to take hazards and work hard. Why did the pick autumn on him? Yuri Gagarin , said E. A. Karpov, one of the teachers of the first group of astronauts, possessed all the of import makings: devoted nationalism, complete religion in the success of the flight, first-class wellness, optimism, a speedy head, bravery and declaration, selfcontrol, methodicalness, diligence, simpleness, modestness, great human heat and heed to others . Yuri Gagarin was profoundly engaged in public and political activity, but he could non stand aside from developing his friends for new flights. He gave all his cognition and enthusiasm to the readying for each new flight. He taught others and studied himself. He dreamed of the clip when starships would set about interplanetary flights and he would be on board of them. For the interest of this dream Yuri Gagarin worked and lived. On March 27, 1968, Yuri Gagarin was killed in an air clang. He was 34. On that twenty-four hours we lost a adult male of singular bravery and religious beauty. It was impossible to state what a adult male s life would hold been like if he remained alive. Gagarin had endowment. He put his whole psyche, all his strength into cosmic work . His name will stay immortal in the history of world, in the history of the Earth, which he dearly called the Blue Planet. Questions: 1. Why will April 2, 1961 neer be forgotten? 2. What did Yuri Gagarin s flight open? 3. Whose thoughts were brightly realised? 4. Whe n did Gagarin s infinite life Begin? 5. Why did the pick autumn on him? 6. How did Gagarin dice? Vocabulary: tremendous # 8212 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; to take a hazard # 8212 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; modern-day # 8212 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; to fall ailment # 8212 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; resistless # 8212 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; to be on board # 8212 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1090 ; # 1091 ; immortal # 8212 ; # 1073 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1090 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1070 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 8212 ; # 1050 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1091 ; # 1084 ; # 1073 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1096 ; # 1077 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; 12 # 1072 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1103 ; 1961 # 1075 ; . # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; . # 1042 ; # 1101 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; # 1070 ; . # 1040 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1082 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1075 ; # 1079 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1096 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1042 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1082 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; 108 # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; , # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1103 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; , # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1082 ; # 1087 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; . # 1055 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1070 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; , # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1079 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1103 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1093 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1091 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; , # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1089 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; , # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1078 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; , # 1076 ; # 1083 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; , # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1091 ; # 1089 ; # 1087 ; # 1077 ; # 1096 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; . # 1070 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1085 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; . # 1050 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1074 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; , # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1052 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1070 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; . # 1057 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1091 ; # 1102 ; # 1097 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1095 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1076 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; , # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1087 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; : # 1091 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1103 ; # 1103 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1103 ; # 1076 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; , # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; , # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1080 ; # 1094 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1077 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; , # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1102 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; , # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1077 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; , # 1087 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1091 ; # 1102 ; # 1087 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1097 ; # 1072 ; # 107 6 ; # 1082 ; # 1091 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; . # 1076 ; . # 1055 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1082 ; # 1088 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1076 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1100 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1042 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1091 ; # 1102 ; . # 1069 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; 108 # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1087 ; # 1091 ; # 1085 ; # 1082 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; . # 1052 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; , # 1080 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 108 3 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1092 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1099 ; # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1089 ; # 1073 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1091 ; # 1097 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1096 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; . # 1048 ; # 1084 ; # 1103 ; # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1075 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; , # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1075 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1103 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1091 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ; # 1072 ; . # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; 30 # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1093 ; . # 1042 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1086 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; , # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1089 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1082 ; # 1091 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1089 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1075 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; , # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1072 ; # 1097 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1103 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1100 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; . # 1045 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1078 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; , # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1093 ; # 1086 ; # 1078 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1076 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1075 ; # 1080 ; # 1093 ; : # 1096 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; , # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1097 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1092 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1093 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1097 ; # 1072 ; , # 1087 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; , # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; , # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1094 ; # 1076 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1080 ; # 1093 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1102 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1096 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1078 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; . # 1053 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1093 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 10 83 ; # 1080 ; , # 1073 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1096 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; . # 1050 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1073 ; # 1080 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1092 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1082 ; # 1094 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1093 ; # 1062 ; # 1080 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; . # 1055 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1101 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; # 1102 ; , # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1 080 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1074 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1080 ; # 1094 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; : # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1077 ; # 1078 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1085 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1074 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; , # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; . # 1057 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1083 ; # 1091 ; # 1073 ; , # 1054 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1073 ; # 1091 ; # 1088 ; # 1075 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1096 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1072 ; # 1087 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; , # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1073 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1088 ; # 1103 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1093 ; # 1057 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1040 ; # 1088 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1057 ; # 1077 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; , # 1062 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1074 ; 1960 # 1075 ; . # 1053 ; # 1072 ; # 1076 ; # 1087 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1100 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1103 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1101 ; # 1088 ; # 1099 ; . # 1055 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1075 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1087 ; # 1087 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1103 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; , # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1092 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 8212 ; # 1091 ; # 1084 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; , # 1094 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1091 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; , # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1080 ; # 1091 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; . # 1055 ; # 1086 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1074 ; # 1099 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1087 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; ? # 1070 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1043 ; # 10 72 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; , # 8212 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1045 ; . # 1040 ; . # 1050 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; , # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1082 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1087 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1075 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1087 ; # 1087 ; # 1099 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; , # 8212 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1078 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; : # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1103 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1087 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1084 ; , # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1091 ; # 1089 ; # 1087 ; # 1077 ; # 1093 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; , # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1100 ; # 1077 ; , # 1086 ; # 1087 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1084 ; , # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; , # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; , # 1076 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1094 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 10 89 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; , # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; , # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; , # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; , # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1096 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1087 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1082 ; # 1076 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1075 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; . # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1097 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1102 ; , # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1 080 ; # 1093 ; # 1076 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1079 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1082 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1080 ; # 1101 ; # 1085 ; # 1090 ; # 1091 ; # 1079 ; # 1080 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1084 ; , # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1078 ; # 1076 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1076 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1075 ; # 1080 ; # 1093 ; # 1080 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 10 89 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1074 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; , # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1073 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1096 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1078 ; # 1087 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1077 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; , # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1080 ; # 1093 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1090 ; # 1091 ; . # 1056 ; # 1072 ; # 1 076 ; # 1080 ; # 1101 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1078 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; . 27 # 1084 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; 1968 # 1075 ; . # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1080 ; # 1073 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1092 ; # 1077 ; , # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; 34 # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; . # 1042 ; # 1101 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; # 1084 ; # 1099 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1103 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1080 ; # 1076 ; # 1091 ; # 1093 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1082 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; . # 1083 ; # 1058 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; , # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1077 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1078 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; , # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1078 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; . # 1059 ; # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1090 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1074 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1078 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1102 ; # 1089 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1102 ; # 1076 ; # 1091 ; # 1096 ; # 109 1 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1091 ; # 1102 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1091 ; . # 1045 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1103 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1073 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1090 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; , # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1047 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; , # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1102 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1102 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1100 ; # 1102 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1043 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1091 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1087 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ;

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Survival of the fittest essays

Survival of the fittest essays Justification of African Americans continued use of unorthodox medicine The science of medicine and the practice of medicine after slavery have been an evolving and dynamic series of events. After slavery ended, the majority of African Americans held fast to their methods of healing such as therapeutic herbal remedies, conjuring and other unorthodox procedures, for several reasons, despite improvements and advances in medical technology. Doctoring as practiced by slaves on slaves was much more acceptable to them than modern white medicine. It was quite clear that this clinging to the familiar, was in part due to the innate and profound distrust of the medical care rendered by whites, their faith in the African healers and conjurers, affordability and conditions of the very few black hospitals, racism as well as the all important fact that in some states, medical treatment was denied to blacks by white hospitals and doctors. While therapies appeared to become significantly important to maintaining good health and crossing social divides, African American s often struggled against racial, gendered, and class based constructions of who was fit to claim the privileges of medical authority. The majority of supporting evidence is narratives from books such as Remembering Jim Crow by Chafe and Working Cures by Sharla Fett and African American Midwifery in the South by Gertrude Fraser which clearly indicate the reasons why black people resorted to their herbal remedies and treatments after slavery as opposed to white medicine. Documents from the United States Public Health Service and doctors reports from medical journals will further support the mistreatment of black people during and after slavery. The U.S. Public Health Services study from 1932 to 1972 of untreated syphilis in African American Alabama men remains the most concrete symbol of scientific ...

Friday, November 22, 2019

How to Study If You Only Have Minutes to Cram

How to Study If You Only Have Minutes to Cram Weve all been there: you either procrastinate or forget about a test until the last minute, at which point you realize that you have less than an hour to cram in as much knowledge as possible. Heres how to make the most of your cram session and study for your test in an hour or less. Find a Quiet Study Space If youre at school, head to the library or a quiet classroom. If youre studying at home, turn off the TV, shut off your phone, power down the computer, and head to your room. Politely request that your friends and/or family give you time to study quietly. If you have only a short period of time  to cram, youll need 100% of your focus. Review Your Study Guide If youve been lucky enough to receive a study guide from your teacher, use it! Study guides are a crammers best friend. Read through the study guide as many times as you can. Memorize as much of the content as possible, using mnemonic devices like acronyms or songs. You can also try reading out loud and discussing the content with a friend or family member. Dont worry about making flashcards or taking notes- an in-depth review of the study guide itself will be more effective. Crack Open the Textbook If you do not have a study guide, grab a pen and a notebook and open up your textbook. After youve confirmed which chapter(s) the test will cover, read the first two pages of each relevant chapter. Look for major ideas, vocabulary, and concepts, and as you read, summarize any words or phrase that are bold or highlighted in the text. (You can do this summary process in writing if you have time, or simply state your summary out loud). After youve read the first two pages of every chapter, read the last page of every chapter and answer the review questions in your head. If you cant figure out an answer to a review question, look it up in the textbook before moving on. These review questions are often good previews of the type of content to expect on your test. Review Notes, Quizzes and Assignments Dont have access to your textbook? Gather as many notes, quizzes, and assignments relevant to your upcoming test as you can. Your personal notes will hold plenty of useful information, and your teachers quizzes and assignments are often one of the main sources of test questions. Read every page as you would a study guide or textbook chapter, focusing on key terms and concepts. Try to memorize as much of the content as you can with mnemonic devices. Quiz Yourself Using your study guide, textbook, and/or previous assignments, hold a quick quiz session. Look for key terms, then cover up the answers with your hand and try to define them. Next, look for big concepts, then flip over the pages and explain the concepts in your head. Circle or write down any topics you have trouble with and review them several times. If you have time and access to a study buddy, he or she can help out by guiding you through one last quiz session, but self-studying is just as productive. Write Down Your Mnemonic Devices As soon as the teacher hands out the test and says begin, write your newly-created mnemonic devices (acronyms, phrases, etc.) down on your test paper. Seeing these mnemonic devices will jog your memory as you go through the test. Ask the Teacher for Help If you get confused or stuck during the test, dont be afraid to raise your hand and politely ask for help. Many teachers are willing to guide you in the right direction, particularly if they know you to be a hard-working student.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

French Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

French Revolution - Essay Example External threats propelled the revolution profoundly. This made the French revolution become the most important event in modern history as it was more radical than either the Dutch or American Revolutions. This greatly affected the 19th century Europe and sparked a series of revolutions rallied that rallied behind nationalism and liberalism. The august 1789 saw the abolition of the feudal privileges that swept the entire property ownership system of feudalism and serfdom. The French philosopher; Rousseau Montesque wakened the people against the injustice the faced and inspired them to revolt. Most events happened during the revolution. This began with redefining the National Assembly from 1789-1791. Other great principles include the declaration of human rights, fraternity and equality. This was culminated by imprisonment of both king and queen, and their eventual assassination. The revolution overthrew corrupt and despotic rule allowing for moderate thoughts take over from orthodox. The feudalism and unlimited monarchy were overthrown. This reflected the powerlessness of the king and saluted the supremacy of the people who are ruled by the royal family (Frey and Marsha 32). The fall of Bastille propelled enthusiasm among people, with revolution spreading far and wide. The revolutionists targeted the feudal and burnt their records. The fourth August saw summoning of all feudal, where most of them shifted to the side of the revolutionists. Mot resolutions were on 4th August, before midnight, during which feudalism was destroyed. However, the king was unaware, but his brother tried to counter the revolution who attempted to insult the national flag. This triggered people to arrest the king and queen and took them to Paris under house arrest in Tulriz. Therefore, the revolution in 1789 required the establishment of equality among the property owners and abolishing of the privileges accorded to the nobles only. This propelled establishment of a constitutional government to control the property owners. Also, the revolution saw the abolishing of internal custom duties and promoted the establishment of a national market. The revolution encouraged abolishment of guild and restrictions on the government for entry into certain trade. This also ended the feudal tithes and dues levied on the agricultural property (Frey and Marsha 32). The declaration of human rights took place on 12th August 1789 and advocated for human rights and liberty. This advocated for freedom of speech and right to be protected. They acknowledged that the only king was God. They abolished inequality and promoted equality by abolishing all the rights of feudal and clergies, and very person had the right to work in any government or public sector. People were allowed right to vote where all people were equal before the law. This also aimed at preparing the laws concerning the welfare where people were supposed to participate either directly or indirectly. This restricted any unwarranted arrests. The revolution also saw the establishment of right to property. In this case, each person had the right to self protection and opposition to injustice. Land was to be distributed among the poor with equality production portion enhanced. This was mostly influenced by the American declaration of Human Rights. This marked the beginning of democratic public welfare system. Changes in clergy Under the established new government, the power of Roman Catholic Church was lessened. For instance, the powers of the

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

American Football Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American Football - Research Paper Example The league name was changed into the National Football League. National Football League is the most popular sporting event in America. This NFL is the major football league in America. The game was originated with the concept of rugby. In the year 1960, AFL was introduced. It is known as the rival league to NFL. The full form of AFL is American Football League. Popularity of American Football and Role of Players and Coaches In the early 20th century, American Football has started to achieve popularity among the people. College and school football tournaments had also increased the awareness of professional football. Several leading popular players, coaches, and cultures or rituals associated with the game have attracted major of the Americans towards this game. Legendry player-coaches, such as Curly Lambeau and George Halas have increased the attractiveness and spirit of the game. The professional football had become more respectable at that point of time. However, the sports association and national sports authority collaboratively had brought some changes in the structure of the game. This change process has increased the popularity of the game of American Football. Presently, it is evident that, money involved in the game, fan following, attractiveness and TRP have increased significantly. Tom Landry was one of the popular players in this particular game. The National Football League is growing cont inuously. It is evident that, the popularity of the game is increasing worldwide. Several leading NFL teams generally compete with other. The national Football League of America has played an important role in the economic growth of America. This sport has become one of the major sources of advertising revenue for the television channels. Due to the intense popularity and attractiveness of the game, several sports gear brands has made huge profit. These organizations are targeting the youths and sportspersons. The brands are providing the sponsorships to the sportsman to increase their brand awareness in the market. As a whole, now-a-days the players of NFL are earning huge money and popularity through this game. In 1950s, the National Football League has adopted and implemented several strategies from American Football League in order to make the sports highly popular and attractive (Gifford 121). It is known to all that national Football League is very much different from other pr ofessional sports leagues. Recently 32 teams are representing this National Football League in America. Several popular NFL or AFL players are the role model for the American youths and kids. It is very much difficult to become a member of National Football League. This sporting event used to take place in every year. 32 leading and popular club teams compete with each other in order to win the championship. It is a league basis game. However, it is discussed earlier that, the rivals of NFL i.e. American Football League (AFL) has challenged the dominance of National Football League in the year 1960. On the other hand, the college football of America has maintained the tradition of bowl games and traditional football. College and university football league are considered to be the third most popular sports in America. American Football is referred as the tough contact sport that has dominated the sporting sense of American people. This game requires all round mental and physical fitn ess

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Greatest Speeches of All Time - Franklin Roosevelts Speech Essay Example for Free

Greatest Speeches of All Time Franklin Roosevelts Speech Essay In his first paragraph, Roosevelt states that he is certain that his fellow Americans expect he will address them with honesty and a decision which the people will push forward. He also states that this is the distinguished time to speak the truth. That Americans should not shrink from honestly facing conditions in their country today. America will endure as it has endured and will revive and flourish. So first of all, he will support his firm belief that the only thing they have to fear is fear itself- unjustified terror which stops needed efforts to transform retreat into advance. He makes a point about how values have shrunken dramatically as taxes have risen, ability to pay has fallen, the government is faced by diminishment of income, exchange means are frozen in trade, the industrial enterprise is falling (â€Å"withered leaves†), farmers cannot sell produce, savings of families are gone and there are going to be more unemployed citizens. He speaks about how America doesn’t have the problems they once had with loss of produce and how â€Å"our forefathers conquered† and that American’s should appreciate it. He says that the country has many resources and shouldn’t waste them, like leaders have wasted resources before, whether it was because they stubborn or just plain dumb, they have passed on these habits to their future rulers. He acknowledges that they have tried, but their efforts were in vain. They have only ever proposed the lending of money. People before him have not had the choice to lure people to follow him by using money promises; they resorted to persuading the people through â€Å"pleading tearfully for restored confidence. These people had no vision and only knew the rules of a generation of self-seekers, and with this vision people perish. He acknowledges that social values are more important than money values and that is where the restoration should begin. He also acknowledges that money doesn’t bring you happiness but the joy of achievement does. He also acknowledges that the joy and moral side of work no longer need to be forgotten in the chase of diminishing profits. He also states that recognition of material wealth being the standard of success being a false idea going hand in hand with the â€Å"abandonment of the false belief that public office and political position are to be valued only by the standards of pride of place and personal profit†, also that there must be an end to the wrong doing to the citizens who trust in banking and in business. If the nation is to be restored both ethics must be changed and action must be taken. He recognises action needs to be taken so that more people are in the workforce and are able to get into the workforce. He states that we must recognise that most of the population lives in the city and that the land should be put to better use. This can be achieved by raising the value of agricultural products and with this power to purchase the output of cities. It can be helped by preventing the tragedy of the growing loss of small homes and farms. It also helped by insistence that the federal, state and local governments act on demand to have their costs reduced. If national planning for supervision of all forms of transportation and communication were in place it would also help. He states that it cannot merely be helped by talking about it and actions must be put in place quickly. He states that to return to the safeguard of work there must be strict supervision of all banking and credits and investment, there must be end to speculation with other people’s money and there must be provision for an adequate but sound currency. He goes on to explain how he will fill his duties in a fulfilling way. The event the speech addresses: The event the speech addresses was Inauguration Day, 1933. This marked the commencement of a four year term. On this day there was a swearing in ceremony which consisted of Roosevelt taking an oath of office and delivering a speech. This speech outlined that Roosevelt understood that the American Constitution had proved itself as an enduring modern political mechanism and how Roosevelt planned to ease the effects of the Great Depression. Profile of Franklin Roosevelt: Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born in 1882 at Hyde Park, New York. Hyde Park (New York) is most famous for being the hometown of Roosevelt and his grandfathers’ home is located near the Riverview Circle of the Hudson River. He was born as the only child of James Roosevelt and Sara Ann Delano Roosevelt. He was born into a family of riches and the sense of self importance. He was educated by tutors and governesses and his upbringing was far different from the common people. In 1896 he attended Groton school for boys where he found it hard to fit in as most of the boys excelled at athletics while he did not. After graduating in 1900, Roosevelt attended Harvard University and Columbia Law School but in 1907 he passed the bar exam yet didn’t receive a degree. In 1905, on St. Patrick’s Day he married Eleanor Roosevelt, his fifth cousin, niece of Theodore Roosevelt, also his fifth cousin. Theodore Roosevelt was Franklin Roosevelt’s idol and Roosevelt aimed to follow in his footsteps. Theodore Roosevelt became commander-in-chief in 1901 after William McKinley was assassinated and president in 1904 after winning second term. Roosevelt won a seat in the New York senate in 1901. He was stricken with Polio in 1921, but not many people knew exactly how paralysed he was as he was never seen in a wheelchair. He fought to regain the use of his legs though hydrotherapy. Franklin Roosevelt was the only president to be elected four times. Roosevelt had become the 32nd President of the United States in 1933. In 1935 many members of the public were against Roosevelt’s New Deal program even though the Nation had received some measure of recovery as national product went up and unemployment went down. The New Deal program was a series of domestic programs enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1936. Roosevelt was re-elected in 1936 by a huge margin. Roosevelt had pledged the United States to the good neighbour policy, when France fell and England came under siege in 1940, he began to send Great Britain all possible aid short of actual military involvement. Hopes of keeping America out of the war ended on December 7, 1941 when Japan attacked Pearl Harbour. Roosevelt helped in the area of advising military personnel and did this successfully in 1942 in an invasion on South Africa, in 1943 in both Italy and Sicily and followed by the D-Day invasion in Europe in 1944. During this time Roosevelt also promoted the formation of the United Nations (UN). Also in 1944 Roosevelt had been tested and diagnosed with many problems but despite this he ran for president with his running mate Harry S. Truman who he nominated as his senator and won 36 of 48 states, yet again becoming president. In February, 1945, Roosevelt attended the Yalta Conference which was held to discuss after-war reorganisation with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet General Secretary Joseph Stalin. Roosevelt died on the afternoon of April 12th in 1945, as the World War II came to a close from a cerebral haemorrhage. His passing shocked America even though people knew he looked exhausted in photographs and news reels, no one was prepared for his passing. Historical Analysis: Roosevelt’s presidency had forever changed the United States and the way it was run. He led a country through the Great Depression, as well as the greatest war in human history, and his social programs during the Great Depression have redefined the role of government in Americans’ lives. He established the United States leadership on the world stage through his role in World War II. The 12 years he spent in the White House had redefined liberalism and set a precedent for the expansion of presidential power for future generations.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Teaching Goals and Philosophy Essay examples -- Education Teachers Sch

Teaching Goals and Philosophy Entering the field of education requires a person to take on many very important responsibilities. Teachers play a very vital role in the lives and futures of many individuals. Through the perspective of a teacher, many students come and go year after year. The names and faces of many students are often forgotten as you enter and new year with new students, new faces, and new names. On the other hand, although educators encounter many more students then students do educators, a teacher has a much more substantial impact on the life of a student. Upon taking this into consideration, I was led to ask myself many important questions. What do I hope to accomplish as a teacher? What do I wish for my students to accomplish in my classroom? Also, what are my professional development plans? First of all, I realize that every child is a unique individual, and no one is superior to any other, regardless of who excels academically, athletically, or socially. I feel that it is important for all students to treated equally. Everyone has positive qualities about them and teachers should find these qualities in every student. Teachers should make the students aware of their unique characteristics and encourage them to make the most of them. Every child should feel important, worthwhile, and accepted. Without the necessary self-esteem, it will be very difficult for a child to focus on his or her education. Students should be encouraged to accept themselves and each other. The same opportunities should be accessible to every student so that each child will have an equal chance to grow and learn. Secondly, although every child is equal and should be treated a... ...se should be built to help them to succeed I future situations. They need to learn to be independent, free-thinking, and empathetic. They should have a strong sense of self yet be open-minded to the many different things that life has to offer them. School should prepare students for the future while at the same time, help them to enjoy and appreciate the present. I hope to eventually earn my certification in K-6 multi-subject education and from there I would like to find a job teaching one of the lower grades. I think that I will find a career in the educational field to be a very fulfilling one. Children are very important and people sometimes overlook the fact that they have ideas, hopes, and dreams that are very real and meaningful to them. Someday, I hope to take part in helping children to become happy, responsible, and productive adults.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Does age matter in reltionships Essay

Relationships shape our lives. People can fall in love without considering nothing at that time. When it comes to the age, sometimes no matter for them how old or how young the partners are. Even if they do not consider about the age, but society criticizes and judges easily. As long as the partners satisfy and bless each other who cares about the age except our society. Mi (2011) explains † When it comes to love age is just a number. Many couples who have a large age difference, they are so happy with their relationships†(para.6). Age may cause problems for a lot of people in their relationships sometimes not. However, our society affects most of the time. If older women date with younger   men, the women will be frowned directly in our society. According to Mastery (2013) â€Å"No matter how common it may already sound, dating scenarios such as; older women dating with younger men are still frowned upon by society†. People have heard whining from their family. For example; you cannot date with him, he is too old or too young and if people date with young or old people then everybody says about them. It really influences you and makes you guilty however there is nothing wrong to worry. Curley (2013) says † What matters love is love, no matter what age or circumstance with more love in your life, there will be more life in your love.†. For example; if people have young partner, they can take care of each other better than having old partner. If you have same age partners then partners will definitely need help because they will not be as energetic as before. For example; if you have young partner, he or she can take care of you better than having old partner. If you have same age partner you and your partner will definitely need help because you and your partner will not be as energetic as before. In conclusion, many people might think the different ages cause so many problems in their relationships. I agree, it might be true, but problem is everywhere in relationships does not matter about age even though people are in the same age still they will have different problems. As long as people are happy with their relationships, there is no necessary to say anything. Schilling (2007) explains † When it comes to love, age is just a number†

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Top Pay for Top Performance

Bates, S. (2003). Top pay for top performance. HR Magazine. Berglas, S. (2006). How to keep A players productive. Harvard Business Review. 1. Bates argues that in order to keep top performers satisfied and productive, there should be a substantial difference in the variable pay or merit-based salary increases that top performers and poor performers receive. Based on the available research (which is mentioned in the article), how big of an increase is needed to â€Å"catch anybody’s attention†? (1 point) . Assume that you were hired last year to work in HR for a large corporation. The corporation hired one of your classmates at the same time. Each of you were paid $40,000 in your first year on the job. You are one of the top performers in your company. Your classmate is an average performer. Your boss explains to you that finances are tight because of the recession, and that there is not a lot of money set aside for merit increases. However, your supervisor wants to rewa rd your hard work.Thus, he/she gives you a 4% salary increase compared to your classmate’s 2% increase. (2 points) a. In dollar amounts: i. How much of an annual gross increase did you receive? ii. How much does this amount to per week? iii. How much of an annual gross increase did your classmate receive? iv. How much does this amount to each week? v. How much more than your classmate do you get paid each week after the raises go into effect? b. How motivated are you to continue to perform at a high level? 3.What are the advantages and disadvantages of implementing a variable pay system that is linked to performance? (2 points) 4. Sometimes, the best performers are not motivated by money alone. What is it that some A players want in terms of compensation? (1 point) 5. What does Berglas recommend for keeping â€Å"A players† productive? (1 point) 6. Combine the recommendations from these two articles and create a compensation package for top performers and average perfo rmers. You may be creative, but your package should be realistic and should be motivating. (3 points)

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Hinduism 330 million gods essays

Hinduism 330 million gods essays The film, Hinduism 330 Million Gods, gave a basic overview of Hinduism. It focuses primarily on the Hindu concept of the divine, religious practices and the stages of life. It derived most of its information from ordinary Hindus with some commentary from some more educated Hindus. Hinduism has many gods and goddess but at he same time has a monist belief. These two apparently contradictory views are reconciled by the idea that all the gods are just different manifestations or facets of Ultimate reality. In the film we where given the analogy of ultimate reality or Brahman as the powerhouse and all the gods as light bulbs. The Ganges River, is not only sacred in Hinduism, but is also considered a goddess. Hindus believe that the river can wash away their sins and reward them with immortality. In the film we saw people bathing themselves in the river to purify themselves, while at the same time doing their laundry in it. It is often said that Hinduism is less a religion and more a lifestyle, the over lapping images of people engaged in a religious cleansing while at the same time engaged an ordinary activity serves to illustrate this. Hinduism considerers idol worship perfectly acceptable, unlike many other religions, such as Islam, which totally rejects even having religious images in place of worship. For Hindus an idol is simply an aid to concentration, in the film it was referred to as being like a pointer. Since ultimate reality is beyond what we are capable of sensing, the idol acts as a proxy. In the film we saw a school in rural India during a religious festival. They prayed to an idol, made offerings to it and when the festival concluded they destroyed it. The fact that they destroyed it when they were done with it emphasizes that Hindus know that the idol is not a god. A Mahatma is a holy person. The Mahatma in the film had left his life t ...

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Pros and cons to being friends with your boss

Pros and cons to being friends with your boss In a perfect world, since you spend such a large chunk of your life at work, you’d be friends with all of your colleagues. But when it comes to your manager, lines can be difficult to define. No matter how well you get along and how chill your office is, becoming besties with your boss isn’t always in the cards. That’s not necessarily a bad thing though- there are pros and cons to turning that professional relationship into a friendly, personal one. Pro:  Congratulations! You just made a new friend!Well, this one’s pretty obvious. It’s the pro of making friends with, well, anyone. Making friends is great! It’s always nice to have someone new to chat with and lean on for support in times of stress. If you and a coworker click well and have a great rapport and lots in common, who cares if that someone happens to be your boss?Con:  Constructive criticism becomes complicatedOne downside to having a buddy as a boss is that he or she might be l ess inclined to give you negative feedback when you’re not working up to your full potential. And sometimes you really need that criticism. Offering constructive criticism is often a key aspect of a boss’s job, but if she or he feels uncomfortable giving any for fear that it might damage a friendship, you’ll keep making the same mistakes over and over again and fail to grow professionally.Pro: Knowing your boss as a friend means knowing what your boss needsBefriending your boss is not just beneficial on a personal level. Believe it or not, it can actually make you better at your job. If you know your boss as a friend, you have a better understanding of your boss’s personality and needs. Knowing a boss inside and out makes any employee a better one.Con: Worlds colliding can be toughLeaving work behind when you walk out the office door is healthy. That will be a lot harder to do when you’re meeting up with your boss during your free time. Conversatio ns may veer back toward work issues. Over cocktails, your boss might even start picking your brain about other employees who aren’t pulling their weight, and that’s when issues of betrayal can arise and things can get really sticky from 9 to 5. Also, your boss may also learn things about your personal life that could come back and bite you at work.Pro: You’re less likely to get in troubleBeing friends with the boss isn’t just a pro in times of plenty. It can also be a real benefit when things go awry. If you mess up at work- and who doesn’t from time to time- you might be less likely to get chewed out if the chewer has plans to go to the movies with you this weekend.Con: Here come the accusations of favoritismYour relationship with your boss can get a bit weird if the two of you become friends, but just think of what it will do with your relationship with the other employees! First of all, they’ll probably get a little wary whenever you get a promotion or a raise, wondering if you got that benefit on merit or because the boss likes hanging out with you. Your co-workers might start making accusations of favoritism, which often leads to†¦Con: You May alienate your peers†¦being on the outs with your office peers. Becoming really tight with the one in charge can do a lot of damage to your relationship with your co-workers. If they think you’re getting preferential treatment, they won’t just accuse you of receiving favoritism- they won’t want anything to do with you, or in worst case scenarios, they may actively work against you.The bottom line? Tread carefully when it comes to bonding with your boss on a personal level. There may be some superficial pros that come with it, but the cons can be pretty serious.

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Japanese Immigration to Hawaii Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Japanese Immigration to Hawaii - Essay Example He initially called the group of islands as Sandwich Islands. Hawaii has abundant tropical vegetation, beautiful beaches and volcanic mountains. The main agriculture in Hawaii includes Sugar cane, pineapples, orchids, and flowers. The main plantation work in early Hawaii was in the sugar cane field. Hawaii is located 2,397 miles west-southwest of San Francisco. It is a chain of islands of about 1,523 miles. Due to their increase in political affairs and in the sugar production sector, Hawaii became a native kingdom in the nineteenth century. â€Å"The main islands of Hawaii ruled by independent chieftains were conquered and/or united by Kamehameha, the Great as a kingdom†. They began trading through the pacific having Hawaii as a center point for carrying provisions and other supplies. During this time, a new industry which came into existence was the sale of sandalwood in overseas markets, mainly in China. The sandalwood was cut from the flourishing Hawaiian forests. The Japa nese Entry Initially, the Japanese neither came to Hawaii islands as immigrants nor as settlers. They came as drifters on boats. They were either driven ashore in the Pacific Ocean or they were taken by sailing vessels on the seas. Hawaii is said to be the first kingdom which had maximum immigrants from Japan, there was a great transformation seen due to this prevalence of Japanese immigration. Hawaii was way behind transforming into an independent state when business men in Hawaii vigorously fixed Japanese as laborers to work in sugar cane fields (â€Å"Hawaii: Life in a Plantation Society,† n.d.). This was mainly because the Hawaiian people did not have an inclination toward working. They had the practice of working only when... One key concept that can be understood from the history of the Japanese immigration in Hawaii is the intensity of the role played by the working community in improving the political economy in Hawaii. The Japanese labor society in Hawaii proves the potential of the working class. This also gives an opportunity to the organizations to understand and be aware of the potential and importance that is given by the labor community. The nineteenth and twentieth centuries visualized the growth and awareness that the Japanese immigrant workers had. At each stage of their struggle they learnt to respond rightly to the owner community. It was between 1826 and 1850 that there were more thoughts which cropped up in the minds of political authorities in Hawaii to convert commoners into labor force to improve the economy of Hawaii. For the Japanese the entry into Hawaii and the problems that they faced in the inter relationships between the Japanese and the Americans proved to be an ultimate event. This gave birth to a new era in Hawaii. In Hawaii, the Japanese immigration and their settlement marked a time of compulsion in terms of both politics and social backgrounds. The Japanese were forced to live with a certain compulsion in Hawaii whether they were happy with it or not. The Hawaii was an American society where the Japanese could not expect any rewards or support for improving their Japanese culture. Annexation was one way which put forth limits on how the Japanese were treated by the Hawaii’s Americans in Hawaii. The end of the labor contract was seen as a trouble by many plantation owners in Hawaii.